| Standard: | ANSI, DIN, GB, JIS, GOST, BSW |
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| Type: | Welding Flange |
| Material: | Carbon Steel |
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Flat welding is a kind of welding process method. The following is a detailed introduction about it: ### Definition and Principle - **Definition**: Flat welding refers to an operation method where the welded part of the workpiece is in a horizontal position or has a small inclination angle, the welding electrode is placed above the workpiece, and the welder conducts the welding while looking down at the workpiece. - **Principle**: Utilize the high temperature generated by the electric arc to locally melt the welding electrode and the workpiece, forming a molten pool. As the welding electrode moves, the molten pool cools and solidifies to form a weld seam, thereby connecting the two workpieces together. ### Characteristics - **Advantages** - **Simple operation**: During welding, the welder can more conveniently observe the molten pool and control the movement direction of the welding electrode. It has relatively low requirements for operation skills and is easy to master, making it suitable for beginners to learn and perform simple welding work. - **High welding efficiency**: In the flat welding position, the melting speed of the welding electrode is relatively fast, and the droplet transfer is stable. Welding can be completed relatively quickly, improving work efficiency. - **Good weld quality**: Due to the effect of gravity, the liquid metal in the molten pool is likely to remain on the surface of the workpiece and is not prone to flowing away, which is beneficial for ensuring the formation and quality of the weld seam and reducing the occurrence of welding defects such as pores and slag inclusions. - **Disadvantages**: Flat welding is mainly suitable for relatively thin workpieces. For thicker workpieces, multi-layer and multi-pass welding is required, which increases the welding workload and welding time, and is prone to defects such as lack of fusion between layers. ### Scope of Application - **Welding position**: It is mainly used for welding weld seams in a horizontal position, including butt welds, fillet welds, etc. For example, when manufacturing various metal structural parts, such as the horizontal welds in bridges and building steel structures, as well as the horizontal circumferential welds on equipment such as containers and pipelines, the flat welding process is often adopted. - **Workpiece materials**: It is suitable for the welding of various metal materials, such as carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel, etc. In industries such as machinery manufacturing, automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding, and construction, flat welding is one of the commonly used process methods for welding these metal materials. - **Workpiece thickness**: Generally, it is suitable for workpieces with a thickness between 3 and 20 millimeters. For thinner workpieces, other welding methods such as spot welding and seam welding may be more appropriate; while for thicker workpieces, other welding processes such as submerged arc welding and gas shielded welding may be required for multi-layer and multi-pass welding. ### Operation Key Points - **Workpiece preparation**: Before welding, the welding part of the workpiece needs to be cleaned to remove impurities such as oil stains, rust, and moisture to ensure the welding quality. At the same time, according to the thickness and material of the workpiece, select the appropriate diameter of the welding electrode and the welding current. - **Electrode angle**: During welding, the welding electrode should maintain a certain angle with the surface of the workpiece, generally between 60° and 80°, to ensure that the electric arc can burn stably and keep the shape and size of the molten pool appropriate. - **Electrode manipulation method**: Commonly used electrode manipulation methods include straight line, straight line reciprocating, zigzag, crescent shape, etc. According to the type and requirements of the weld seam, select the appropriate electrode manipulation method to control the shape and size of the molten pool and ensure the formation and quality of the weld seam. For example, for narrower weld seams, the straight line electrode manipulation method can be used; for wider weld seams, the zigzag or crescent shape electrode manipulation method can be used to ensure full fusion on both sides of the weld seam. - **Welding speed**: The welding speed should be moderate. Too fast a speed is likely to lead to poor formation of the weld seam, resulting in defects such as lack of penetration and pores; too slow a speed will cause the workpiece to overheat, resulting in coarse weld seam structure and affecting the welding quality. Generally speaking, the welding speed should be adjusted according to factors such as the welding current, electrode diameter, and workpiece thickness to ensure the stability of the welding process and the quality of the weld seam.
Dingxiang Jinyu Forging Co., Ltd. is located in Dashagou Village, jiangcun Township, Dingxiang County, Xinzhou,known as the "hometown of Chinese forging", with a registered capital of 5 milion yuan. Superior geographical location, 100 kilometers away from the provincial capital Taiyuan, with convenient and fast road and railway transportation. Rich in coal, electricity, and iron resources, we are a professional manufacturer of forged fanges and pressure vessel forgings; We have the ability to integrate design, raw material procurement, cutting, forging, heat treatment, machining, mechanical testing, non-destructive testing, mechanical typing, painting, packaging, and shipping operations. The annual production capacity is over 10000 tons, with specifications ranging from DN15 to DN6000mm. The maximum weight per unit of finished products is 20 tons, and the pressure ranges from 150-2500 pounds, including national standards, American standards, British standards, German standards, Japanese standards,and non-standard fanges and forgings.
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